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Le soleil de minuit, le cap Nord, les aurores boréales, le folklore : combien de clichés caractérisent le Grand Nord et depuis des siècles ! Dès l’Antiquité les pays nordiques étaient enveloppés d’une aura de mythes et de légendes, terres de magiciens qui savaient commander au vent, terres dont la localisation géographique était très incertaine. À partir du xviie siècle, l’Europe ne cessa d’y envoyer hommes de lettres, hommes de sciences, nobles exilés ou non, sans oublier les premières pionnières, « qui s’arrêtèrent là où la terre leur manqua », pour paraphraser Regnard. La Laponie et la Finlande attiraient les curieux et les chercheurs de toute époque, car lieux exotiques à explorer aux xviie et xviiie siècles, derniers territoires « sauvages » européens qui pouvaient faire l’objet d’études anthropologiques et ethnologiques au xixe siècle, et destinations nouvelles d’un tourisme de masse naissant qui voyait dans l’étape au cap Nord l’exploit pittoresque à accomplir pendant les vacances estivales. Cet essai veut tracer un panorama de l’histoire du voyage en Laponie et en Finlande, en passant de la connaissance de ces territoires à l’Antiquité et au Moyen Âge à tout ce qui concerne l’organisation pratique d’un tel périple au fil des siècles pour arriver enfin à l’analyse des typologies, structures et formes de récits produits par des intrépides, qui évoluent de siècle en siècle vers un style bien défini à l’intérieur de la grande famille de la littérature de voyage.
Literature (General) --- Laponie --- mythe --- récit de voyage --- pionnier --- légende --- grand nord --- Finlande --- territoire sauvage
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Alvar Aalto, 1998 in Kuortane in Finnland geboren, ist eine der letzten Persönlichkeiten der großen Architekturgeneration des 20. Jahrhunderts. Seine Bauten, vom Städtebau bis zum einfachen Wohnhaus, wirken als einheitliche Organismen. Formale Architekturtheorien liegen ihm fern. Der Weg eines jeden Bauwerkes ist vom ersten flüchtigen Skizzenstrich bis zur Übergabe an den Bauherren faszinierend und ganz von der Persönlichkeit des Architekten bestimmt. Alles bleibt lebendig und in Bewegung, wirkt ungezwungen und natürlich, gleichsam gewachsen aus der Umgebung. Das besondere Gefühl für die Wichtigkeit einzelner Bauteile und Bauabschnitte macht es möglich, auch aus bescheideneren Bauaufgaben eine Vielfalt an individueller Prägung herauszuholen. So gehen auch Möbel Lampen, Vorhänge und alle die Dinge, die ein Haus erst bewohnbar machen, zum größten Teil aus den Entwürfen und Experimenten Aaltos hervor. Die Einheit der Idee, der Form und der Lebensweise bildet das zentrale Thema seines Schaffens. Now again available: The Complete Works of Alvar Aalto Alvar Aalto, born 1898 in Kuortane in Finland, is one of the last of the works personalities of the twentieth century architecture generation. His buildings, from urban planning to simple residential buildings, function as a single organism. He was never interested in formal architectural theories. The path of each building is fascinating, from the first fleeting sketches to the completed work handed over to the client, and strongly defined by the personality of the architect. Everything remains alive and in motion, seems casual and natural as if it grew naturally out of the surroundings. The unique sense for the importance of individual components and construction phases makes it possible to identify a complex of individual style, even in modest construction tasks. Hence, Aalto's designs and experiments result in furniture, lamps, curtains, and many other things that make a house habitable. The central theme of his work is the unity of idea, form, and way of life.
Architecture --- Architecture organique --- Aalto, Alvar, --- Aalto, Alvar --- Architecture, Modern --- Finlande --- Architecture organique. --- History --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Aalto, Hugo Alvar Henrik, --- Āruto, Aruvā, --- Architecture, Modern - 20th century --- Architecture - Finland - 20th century --- Architecture - Finlande - 20e siècle --- Aalto, Alvar, - 1898-1976 - Catalogues raisonnés --- Aalto, Alvar, - 1898-1976 --- Aalto, Alvar, 1898-1976
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Zoology --- Animals --- Dierkunde. --- Zoologie --- Animals. --- Zoology. --- JEX6 --- Finland. --- Animal kingdom --- Beasts --- Fauna --- Native animals --- Native fauna --- Wild animals --- Wildlife --- Fennoscandia --- Finnland --- Suomi --- Fen-lan --- Finli︠a︡ndii︠a︡ --- Souomi --- Finlândia --- Finlande --- Finlandii︠a︡ --- Fen-lan kung ho kuo --- Republic of Finland --- Finnlando --- Suomen Tasavalta --- Republiken Finland --- Biology --- Natural history --- Organisms --- Human-animal relationships --- Finlandii͡ --- Finli͡andii͡ --- Finrando --- Suomen tasavalta
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How is access to asylum and other forms of extraterritorial protection regulated in the European Union? Is the EU acquis in these areas in conformity with international law? Which tools does international law offer to solve collisions between both? And, finally, is law capable of bridging the foundational oppositions embedded in migration and asylum issues? This volume is about the transformation of asylum in Europe in the context of the EU enlargement process. This transformation involves norms, as well as the procedures and resources for their implementation. In the candidate countries, as in the west, the process of transformations is marked by the tension between the interests of protection and migration control. Through their comprehensive analysis, the authors illuminate the legal and political dynamics which underlie this tension. Chapters trace the complex patterns of national, sub-regional and EU law and policy that are driving the future of asylum in an expanded Europe. This allows for reflection on what the transformation process tells us about the current EU asylum acquis, and what it tells us about the prospects for refugee protection in the new frontier states and beyond. This book is the result of a three year study carried out by academics and practitioners from the candidate countries, current Member States, and international organizations. It explores the evolution of refugee policy and practice in a changing Europe.
Migration. Refugees --- International private law --- European Union --- Asylum, Right of --- Political refugees --- Refugees --- Droit d'asile --- Réfugiés politiques --- Réfugiés --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Droit --- Asylum seekers --- Refugees, Political --- Autriche --- Hongrie --- Lituanie --- Allemagne --- Pologne --- République tchèque --- Danemark --- Norvège --- Suède --- Finlande --- Estonie --- Lettonie
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Geology --- Geologie. --- Periodicals. --- Geology. --- Finland. --- Earth Sciences --- Periodicals --- geoscience --- geology --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Fennoscandia --- Finnland --- Suomi --- Fen-lan --- Finli︠a︡ndii︠a︡ --- Souomi --- Finlândia --- Finlande --- Finlandii︠a︡ --- Fen-lan kung ho kuo --- Republic of Finland --- Finnlando --- Suomen Tasavalta --- Republiken Finland --- Finlandii͡ --- Finli͡andii͡ --- Geology. Earth sciences --- Finrando --- Suomen tasavalta --- Géologie
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Criminal justice has traditionally been associated with the nation state, its legitimacy and its authority. The growing internationalisation of crime control raises crucial and complex questions about the future shape of justice and urban governance as these are experienced at local, national and international realms. The emergence of new international justice institutions such as the International Criminal Court, the greater movement of people and goods across national borders and the transfer of criminal justice policies between different jurisdictions all present novel challenges to criminal justice systems as well as our understandings of criminal justice. This volume of essays explores the implications and impact of criminal justice developments in an increasingly globalised world. It offers cutting-edge conceptual contributions from leading international commentators organised around the themes of international criminal justice institutions and practices; comparative penal policies; and international and comparative urban governance and crime control.
Criminal law --- International crimes --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- Criminal justice, Administration of. --- Globalization. --- LAW / Comparative --- International cooperation. --- LAW / Comparative. --- Criminal justice, administration of --- Criminal justice, administration of. --- Law / comparative. --- Law --- General and Others --- Criminal law - Congresses --- International crimes - Congresses --- Canada --- Royaume-Uni --- Nouvelle-Zélande --- Finlande --- Suède --- Norvège
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Anthropology --- Anthropology. --- Finland. --- Fennoscandia --- Finnland --- Suomi --- Fen-lan --- Finli︠a︡ndii︠a︡ --- Souomi --- Finlândia --- Finlande --- Finlandii︠a︡ --- Fen-lan kung ho kuo --- Republic of Finland --- Finnlando --- Suomen Tasavalta --- Republiken Finland --- Human beings --- Finlandii͡ --- Finli͡andii͡ --- Finrando --- Suomen tasavalta --- anthropology --- ethnography --- social sciences --- Primitive societies --- Social sciences
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working life --- labour market --- employment --- work --- entrepreneurship --- labour market policy --- Industrial relations --- Industrial relations. --- Finland. --- Capital and labor --- Employee-employer relations --- Employer-employee relations --- Labor and capital --- Labor-management relations --- Labor relations --- Employees --- Management --- Fen-lan --- Fen-lan kung ho kuo --- Finlande --- Finlândia --- Finlandii͡ --- Finli͡andii͡ --- Finnland --- Finnlando --- Finrando --- Republic of Finland --- Republiken Finland --- Souomi --- Suomen tasavalta --- Suomi
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This is a sharp analysis of the unique Nordic welfare system with urgent lessons for governments and societies across the globe. Welfare programs and institutions tend to be analyzed as instrumental arrangements, overlooking the fact that welfare programs are essentially expressions of moral conceptions and values. This book recognises this distinction and offers analyses, perspectives and interpretations of the normative foundation of the 'Nordic welfare state model'.These authors examine the main normative principles in this model, exploring their origins and the relationship between
Welfare state --- 330.580 --- 361 --- DK / Denmark - Denemarken - Danemark --- FI / Finland - Finlande --- IS / Iceland - Ijsland - Islande --- NO / Norway - Noorwegen - Norvège --- SCD / Scandinavia - Scandinavië - Pays Nordiques --- SE / Sweden - Zweden - Suede --- State, Welfare --- Economic policy --- Public welfare --- Social policy --- State, The --- Welfare economics --- Gecontroleerde economie. Geleide economie. Welvaarststaat. Algemeenheden --- Openbare onderstand en weldadigheid. Menslievendheid. Sociaal hulpbetoon
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The book looks at the ways in which the Northern Department of the Foreign Office approached matters pertaining to Finland in the years 1938-1940, concentrating on the particular issues of the proposed refortification of the Åland Islands, Finnish rearmament and aid to Finland during the Winter War with the Soviet Union. At the beginning of this period, the Northern Department officials aimed at giving support to Finland while, at the same time, attempting to create an environment where Finland and the Soviet Union could reach agreement, thus keeping Finland out of the German sphere of inf
Great Britain --- Finland --- Fen-lan --- Fen-lan kung ho kuo --- Finlande --- Finlândia --- Finlandii︠a︡ --- Finli︠a︡ndii︠a︡ --- Finnland --- Finnlando --- Finrando --- Republic of Finland --- Republiken Finland --- Souomi --- Suomen tasavalta --- Suomi --- פינלנד --- フィンランド --- Finland (Grand duchy) --- Foreign relations --- Finland (Grand Duchy)
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